Enviornmental Catastrophes :: essays research papers

     Many individuals all through the world arrangement with natural obliteration. Regardless of whether it is common or man made, both end in abrupt cataclysms.      An case of a characteristic disaster is the 1997 Red River Flood in Grand Forks, North Dakota. One of the one of a kind parts of the Red River is that it streams North and exhausts into the lake Winnepeg in Canada. Be that as it may, since temperature will in general get colder the farther north you get, ice-sticking is frequently a worry of the Red River throughout the spring season. The National Weather Service started putting out admonitions as right on time as February that a flood because of the spring melt was probably going to happen. Because of Grand Forks brutal winter that comprised of a merciless snowstorm, the measure of snow liquefies surpassed. With an end goal to forestall the flood, the North Dakota National Guard dumped sand on the waterway in plans to utilize the suns’ warm vitality to accelerate the defrosting and dispose of the ice-jams. Unfit to control the over the top water the surge of the century started. On April 18, 1997, the Red River ’s water level was at 52.19 ft high and had increased at a pace of an inch every hour following. The flood started to take out territories of the city individually, and individuals with what little belongings the could snatch needed to empty right away. Following six days of flooding the stream at long last started to retreat and individuals were permitted to return. The measure of rottenness deserted from the flood was fantastic. A great part of the property had been pulverized and essentially everything else had been defiled by the water. Everything that was cleaned out by the water transformed into garbage and many needed to start from the very beginning once more. The post-flood tidy up that was taken to the landfill totaled 224 million ton, which is generally nine months of trash.      An case of a man-made fiasco is the Tragedy of the World Trade Centers. September 11, 2001 psychological oppressor assaults on America bigly affected New York City condition, and the political and enthusiastic scenes of the United States. This will be recognized as one of the most stunning days in American history. Outfitted fear based oppressors seized four traveler streams and utilized them as weapons against the U.S.. The assaults wrecked the World Trade Center, harmed the Pentagon and executed 3,000 individuals. The cleanup was an enthusiastic and exhausting exertion by firemen, cop and numerous volunteers.

Riordan Benchmarking †Human Capital Development

Riordan Benchmarking †Human Capital Development Free Online Research Papers Riordan Manufacturing is confronting a decrease in spirit and hard working attitudes. Declining deals and lopsided benefits throughout the years not just constrained the organization to change its business forms, yet in addition provoked them to embrace a client relationship framework. Riordan’s HR prize and remuneration strategy program should be overhauled to manage the current issue. HR experts over the world realize that their hardest activity is enrolling and holding first rate workers for their organizations. With joblessness at its ebb and flow rate, extending organizations scan for qualified specialists like major game trackers following the most slippery prey (Vault, 2008). Pay plan and advantage plans are two pay package’s organizations are utilizing to put resources into its workers. Some association structure remuneration boards to guarantee that procedures and pay programs are appropriately overseen (Vault, 2008). To help Riordan Manufacturing in changing i ts business procedure, Team B has picked the accompanying organizations to use as a benchmark: Toyota, Infosys, Qualcomm, IBM, Disney, and Honda. Group B will at that point investigate each organization by giving key ideas, for example, structuring the components of a powerful worker relations program, make a vocation improvement arranging model that fuses consideration regarding key formative achievement factors, assess pay and inspiration rehearses as they identify with authoritative procedure, and examine the effect of morals on the assurance of remuneration and prizes frameworks. Components of a viable worker relations program Toyota has an alternate methodology of how they run their organization contrasted with most companies. Some portion of Toyota’s achievement comes from the way of thinking utilizing representatives thoughts. The way of thinking is, since representatives are the people who play out the work, at that point why not approach them for thoughts including proficient techniques for finishing work undertakings. This way of thinking allowed representatives the chance to communicate thoughts, which kept up worker assurance accordingly, improving connections among manager and representative. What makes Infosys Technology an effective business is that it offers an advantage program to organization workers, which is intended to support assurance and advance solid professions? (Frauenheim, E., 2006, para 1). During the organizations yearly study the outcomes uncovered that three quarter of Infosys representatives were happy with the organization. As per the VP of Human Resources, low turnover, high worker fulfillment and a notoriety for being a business are basic to an organization whose main resources are the programming and critical thinking aptitudes of its representatives. (Frauenheim, E., 2006, para 4). Infosys offers a gathering of working environment activities, the company’s worker relations program. This program gives an assortment of advantages to their workers, for example, directing administrations, festivity of social occasions, athletic challenges and wellbeing fairs to their representatives and close relatives. This program clings to make a situation o f demonstrable skill yet gives a motivating force to the workers. The executives makes solid associations with their workers. The representative connection program helps keep whittling down low while keeping up a solid notoriety. Infosys Technologies won the honor for the 2006 Optimas Award for Service. Riordan Manufacturing is a various industry that incorporates numerous instructive foundations, ages, ethnicities and family circumstances. In contrast with Infosys Technology, the executives accepts that the employee’s families are a need. Socially they have solid family bonds. Riordan needs to make a workplace in which representatives are sure that they can accomplish significant practices on the off chance that they endeavor and see that numerous decidedly esteemed results will result in the event that they play out these practices. (Dreher, G. what's more, Dougherty, T.W., p. 36-37, para 5). Like Riordan Manufacturing, Infosys Technology directed an inward yearly study. The outcomes were altogether different for the two organizations. Riordan’s report shows a decrease in generally speaking employment fulfillment, especially in the territories of remuneration and advantages. Concerning Infosys Technology’s report, workers are happy with the organization. Vocation improvement plan Vocation advancement arranging is one of the elective answers for inspiration and prizes issue. Representatives need their vocation advancement program laid out and anticipate that organization should help and give intends to accomplish the profession objectives. Organization needs to ensure that vocation improvement objectives are mapped to organization objectives. Preparing programs in an association is the way to help workers pushing ahead to their vocation way alongside business objectives accomplishment. Both benchmark organizations have vocation advancement programs and distinctive compelling preparing projects to assist creating with careering and making improvement programs a triumph. As per Southgate (2002), Qualcomm has consistently been where development and improvement opportunity and testing positions exist. Representatives have been a piece of the organization from the very first moment. As indicated by McMurrey (2007), another employee’s direction is huge in the early introduction of the association. A company’s true endeavors to incorporate and educate its recently recruited employees assists with building an establishment of trust that will bolster the representative later on. Qualcomm has an energetic and loosened up corporate culture. Representatives can design the preparation destinations with chiefs, who ensure the preparation plans are mapped to organization business objectives. Qualcomm has an imaginative online advancement apparatus that permits altered proficient improvement designs and adjusts figuring out how to divisions’ objectives and destinations. Every representative has its own improvement plans and method of accomplishing it. Representatives pick new testing and inventive activities, e-learning and other accessible preparing programs from their learning place contingent on singular premiums and capacities. In IBM, vocation advancement plan is for the two workers and just as chiefs. IBM officials gained from overview that laborers needed more prominent access to more and changed experiential learning. Worker improvement model has following 6 stages referenced by IBM page: 1. Establish private issue responsibility 2. Assess abilities/skills 3. Update individual advancement plan 4. Complete activities on singular improvement plan 5. Review individual improvement plan progress with supervisor 6. Document improvement results for the year IBM has made distinctive preparing projects to help worker accomplishing the profession improvement plans. IBM has made ‘Blue Opportunities’, a program offering preparing openings, for example, stretch assignments, cross-unit ventures, short and long haul work pivot, and on location work shadowing through a worker just web website. The objectives of ‘Blue Opportunities’ are creating representatives aptitudes, growing their insight, and extending to introduction to potential profession or employment changes. Improving administration and the executives aptitudes in a period effective manner is of basic significance to administrators. Morton (2004) makes reference to that another program named ‘Role of the Manager@IBM’ utilizes the learning procedure to address specialty unit needs and characterize activity plans. It makes new e-ways to deal with adjust groups on key business goals and target managers’ singular improvement needs in driving execution through individuals. Overviews led with all members after the learning program application indicated that 92 percent of members were happy with the program. An article ‘Addressing retirement of the person born after WW2 age from IBM makes reference to that IT officials should accomplish something beyond keep up their workforce abilities. Administrators should proactively address progression arranging with a preparation arrangement intended for preparing more youthful specialists and more established non-IT enlists with the information and abilities expected to propel their vocations inside the organization. In Riordan Manufacturing situation, innovative work representatives feel that they’re not being tested and friends doesn’t have any profession advancement programs. Other than giving better advantages and rewards, organization has a chance to build up a vocation improvement plan model that joins regard for key advancement achievement factors. Riordan can create in house learning focus and other online projects like Qualcomm and IBM to give more assets to profession and aptitudes improvement. Riordan can dole out all the more provoking assignments to people dependent on their improvement plans like Qualcomm and IBM. Assess Compensation and Motivation Practices Riordan Manufacturing isn't having accomplishment with its new corporate methodology principally in light of the fact that the organization neglected to update its representative prizes framework when they decided to receive another client relationship the executives (CRM) framework. The new system additionally includes shaping self-coordinated deals groups involved a sales rep, an item engineer and a client care agent. The item specialists and client support delegates are not yet remunerated for their commitments toward deals. This imbalance is adding to Riordan’s issues with representative maintenance. All company’s must 1) energize wanted occupation practices by 2) offering to trade them for 3) a prize that the worker feels is significant; these are the three components of inspiration (Milkovich, 2004). Honda gives a genuine case of an organization that plans representative prizes projects to help its hierarchical systems. For one division of Honda, this sort of arrangement happened to help another all inclusive natural goal. The division started by first picking an objective of winning ecological accreditation known as ISO 14001. Other unmistakable advances this division took were; to compensate workers for rec

English Essays (752 words) - Fiction, Film, Speculative Fiction

English 0ctober 22, 2017 A decent Leader A pioneer, by definition, is an individual who drives a gathering of individuals, association or nation. In the book Ender's Game by Oscar Scott Card, it clarifies an account of a six-year old kid, Ender Wiggins, who is required to lead a gathering of children so as to spare the world from an outsider race called the Buggers. Ender needs to bear a ton of hard things with the goal that it is conceivable to spare the world. While experiencing his excursion, Ender turns into a decent pioneer. A few things that make him a decent pioneer is that he is a diligent employee, he is imaginative and thinks about others. At six years old, Ender is equipped for understanding and working through complex things since he is a diligent employee. He thinks more remote into the future, plans things out and finishes. Ender says, I need to win this now and forever, or I will battle it consistently and it will deteriorate and more awful (Card 7). This is significant on the grounds that it shows that he works through things effectively. Ender additionally does his best when he does anything. The grown-ups see that Ender doesn't simply do the absolute minimum. Graff, Ender's coach, says Ender Wiggins isn't a stellar he just successes altogether (Card 226). His initiative abilities are obvious in his hard working attitude. Ender is inventive and brilliant and he urges others to be imaginative too. Ender likes extraordinary thoughts. He tells Bean, one of his fighters, I need you to be astute Bean, I need you to consider answers for issues we haven't seen at this point. I need you to attempt things nobody else has ever attempted on the grounds that they are totally idiotic (Card 198). Ender is exceptionally savvy. He knows or makes sense of how to do pretty much everything. In the book, the writer expresses he should simply watch the game and see how things functioned, and afterward he could utilize the framework and even exceed expectations (Card 118). This discloses to us that regardless, Ender will make sense of an approach to succeed. In light of Ender's inventiveness individuals tail him and his new thoughts. Thinking about the individuals you are driving makes more enthusiasm for your objectives since you are vested in the result of the circumstance. Ender really thinks about his companions, particularly his companion Bean. He says I'll be watching you more mercifully than you will know, and when all is good and well you will find that I am your companion and you are the officer that you need to be (Card 168). Ender's ability to think about individuals stretches out even to his adversaries. He discloses to his sister At the time when I genuinely comprehend my adversary, comprehend him alright to overcome him, at that point in that exact instant I likewise love him (Card 238). Ender thinks about individuals such that a great deal of different pioneers don't. He is compelled to do hard things yet never loses his humankind. A few people would contend that Endure isn't fit for being a decent pioneer since he is just six years of age. This may appear as though an admirable statement yet they live in a general public that is subject to preparing kids for the fight to come. Ender is a third, which means the third youngster who has a consolidated character of his two more established kin giving him attributes that launch him to initiative. Ender's companion from fight school clarifies the peculiarity of their circumstance I have a truly smart thought of what kids are and we are not kids. Kids can lose here and there and no one wants to think about it. Kids aren't in armed forces, they aren't administrators, they don't run more than forty different children, it's beyond what anyone can take and not get insane (Card 108) . The requests put on them are incredible to such an extent that they're youth is non-existent, they are constrained into develop circumstances that have crucial results, requiring development unquestionably more than is commonplace for their age. Ender persevered through a great deal to turn into a decent pioneer. All through the book he shows his staggering hard working attitude, inventiveness and empathy. He takes these attributes to the following level, First when goes

7 Things to Consider Before Starting Freshman Year

The start of freshman year is right around the corner. Grad party season is slowly fading out into that strange transitional period where summer days are punctuated with trips to Target. Phrases like thread count and shower caddy are probably working their way into your daily conversations. But before you load up your car and take off into the collegiate sunset, take a quick look through this list of tips that could potentially benefit your freshman year experience. 1. Take your time choosing a major†¦ If youre passionate about one field of study and know exactly what you want to do career-wise, great! More power to you. Get a head start on your core classes and save the gut-levels for senior year (or for a study-abroad trip). Otherwise, If youre at a solid Im pretty sure what I want to study, try basing your gen-ed course choices on whatever you find interesting rather than what you perceive as useful. Get outside of your academic comfort zone. Follow your instincts. 2. †¦but not too long. Student loans suck. They suck even more if you end up paying a little extra due to past indecision. Dont fret too much about the exact field you want study. Next to an education, the second most valuable thing you will pick up at school is a network of friends and colleagues. These people will help you get a job wherever you want to be, both during and after college. The world is full of CEOs with history degrees. To offer a bad metaphor: if a degree is your careers pulse, a good social network is the body. 3. Keep your door open. This may feel strange at first, but it is absolutely the best way to meet your neighbors (prerequisite: live in a dorm). The more you keep your door open, the more random encounters you will have with people around your hall. This inviting atmosphere tends to spread pretty quickly too; more neighbors will follow your example. 4. Talk to your advisor (more than once a semester). This is a big one. I 100% regret not talking more with my advisor. You know that career field that youre trying to break into? Theres a good chance that theyve been in it for quite a while. They are incredibly valuable resources, full of first-hand experience and information. Plus, you dont want to funnel half a lifetimes worth of debt into their salary and just let them sit around in their office watching Youtube all day, right? 5. Get used to downtime. I entered Freshman year with the preconception that my life was about to be consumed by classes, projects, internships, and essays. Cue the first week of class in September, AKA syllabus week. In other words: show up to class, grab a syllabus, listen to the professors 10 minute introduction lecture, exit, repeat. It didnt take too long to realize that I was going to have much more downtime than expected. For the remainder of the semester you will be very busy, but no where near the culture-starved, over-caffeinated study monster that many people lead you to believe. A large chunk of your day is going to consist of free time between classes and meals. Which leads me to my next piece of advice†¦ 6. Explore! Almost every college graduate will tell you the same thing: it was the best n years of their life. College is the least amount of (real) responsibility that youre likely to experience again, so take full advantage of it! Both campuses and the towns that host them are melting pots of new people, events, and experiences. See a hockey game. Go for a hike. Take a salsa class. Get lost in a neighboring town. If youre like me and completely new to an area, there are tons of online resources for fun and cheap things to do. 7. Learn to balance your priorities. Not to rain on the former points parade, but this piece of advice is probably the most obvious and essential to your survival as a college student. College, and freshman year especially, presents you with a level of freedom that you probably havent experienced before. Nobody is going to hold your hand anymore (it may be cliche, but that doesnt make it any less true). Learning how to constructively manage your time and energy is the best trait that you can pick up on your way to a degree. If you already have this going for you, congratulations, you might be Yoda. Consult this venn diagram for further explanation.

Child Development Through Education Essay - 1760 Words

Child Development Through Education One important aspect of any person’s life is their education. Children start with their education as early as the age of three. They are put into some form of schooling. The general pattern of schooling for all children is preschool, elementary school, middle school, highschool, and some may choose to go on to college. Each level of schooling is very important for its own particular reasons. The entire education process plays a vital role in each individual’s life. People grow emotionally, socially, psychologically, and intellectually throughout their childhood and adolescent years. Factors that lead to this are their enrollment in school, the people they come in contact with through school and†¦show more content†¦Research on the roots of prosocial behavior has contributed to our knowledge of children’s moral as well as social development. Peers, people who are equal in age or status, begin to play an increasingly important role in a child’s life. Some of the different kinds of programs that exist for early childhood education are day-care programs, preschools, compensatory preschool programs, early intervention, and kindergarten programs. (Slavin) The United States has agreed that preschool is the most important grade. Three-fourths of young children in the United States participate in a preschool program. Research has established that preschool education can produce substantial gains in children’s learning and development but researchers disagree about whether such gains are permanent. Most research on early education has focused on its effects on the IQ scores of economically disadvantaged children and has found few preschool programs that have produced lasting IQ score gains. Even the more effective programs tend to show positive results in the short rather than long term. Other long-term benefits from preschool education include increased high school graduation rates and decreased crime and delinquency rates. Recent research has shown the preschool education is a sound investment, academically, socially and economically (Barnett). ElementaryShow MoreRelated Early Childhood Education Essay examples1329 Words   |  6 PagesEarly childhood education holds two main focuses; a child-based focus and a family-based focus. Early childhood education has positive outcomes on the child through their learning experiences, and their growth and development. Based on the family, the results of early education happen through the communication that the family has with the educators and by the encouragement they get from within themselves, and also from the educators. Children learn most of what they know through play. There areRead MoreEarly Childhood Course At Savannah Technical College Essay1662 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstanding of early childhood as a whole. Although the scope covered a broad spectrum of early childhood, majority of the main focus was on early education. The work of Lev Vygotsky greatly influenced the field of early education. This paper will include a brief summary of Vygotsky’s life, a description of his major ideas, and how those ideas impact early education today. Vygotsky’s Life According to New World Encyclopedia (2014), â€Å"Lev Vygotsky was born was born in Orsha, Belarus (then Russian empire)Read MorePiaget s Theory Of Experiential Learning1481 Words   |  6 PagesHoward Gardner will be evaluated through the lens of experiential learning. Through Vygotsky’s realization of the childhood learning through â€Å"hands-on† experience (experiential learning), the cultural and socioeconomic factors defines the progress a child makes in the individual progression towards growth in the educational system. Piaget beheld similar views on experiential learning in the context of the family unit as an extension of social and educational progress through adaptation and guidance. Gardner’sRead MoreEarly Childhood Education : Children s Understanding And Development Essay826 Words   |  4 PagesEarly childhood education typically pertains to the education of children who range in age from babies to kindergarten age. This does not start and end inside the class room. Early childhood training is debatably the most crucial phase of educational development as it is from this cornerstone that future development and learning happen. High quality programs need to incorporate teaching in reading capabilities, motor skills, vocabulary and communication abilities. This will create substantial benefitsRead MoreThe Theory Of Head Start Program1567 Words   |  7 PagesHead Start is a federally funded, education development program that was created in 1965. The program provides education and services for eligible children from low-income families. Head Start s philosophy focuses on the development of social-emotional, physical and mental health, nutrition, and working with families and the community and stated â€Å"low-income people should help plan and run their own programs† (p. 41-42). Head Start has truly expanded their resources over the years by providing aRead MoreDescribe What Montessori Meant by â€Å"New Education †1594 Words   |  7 Pagescommitted her life into education of the children. She has witnessed through some years with wars and conflicts and she thought; through education this can be turned into peace to this world. Since the year 1907 Montessori name has been recognized in the education system. Even though it has been over a century to this date Montessori principles are as powerful as it was. Dr Maria Montessori has relied on her actual observations on children to develop her method of education. During these observationsRead MoreAn Early Childhood Educator My Goal1621 Words   |  7 Pagesgoal will be to promote the physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development of each child. I also believe that play should be the base of learning since children learn best by doing. I believe that a balance between teacher-directed and child-initiated activities is essential balance can be developed by using the developmentally appropriate practice approach, which means that activities should be â€Å"appropriate for each child and relevant to the child’s ability, needs and interests, also includingRead MoreUnderstanding Special Education Essay example1239 Words   |  5 Pages Understanding Special Education Introduction Education is a birthright of every child. Special education involves the education of students with special needs in a way that addresses a students’ individual disabilities and requirements. These programs are designed so that special learners may learn skills which will assist them in coming closer in learning to children without disabilities. The field of special education has moved from a perspective of protection and caretaking to an emphasis onRead MoreChild Development Is The Growth And Change Within A Child s Intellectual And Mental Abilities Essay959 Words   |  4 Pagesseveral research findings through the process of reports and resources, shows that â€Å"cognitive development is the growth and change in a child’s intellectual and mental abilities† Cognitive Development Domain - Child Development (CA Dept. of Education), 2016). Here is where children â€Å"learn† their â€Å"reasoning†,† thinking†, and â€Å"understanding† of his or her â€Å"acquisitions†, and â€Å"consolidation of knowledge† Cognitive Development Domain - Child Development (CA Dept. of Education), 2016). The article alsoRead MoreThe Importance of Early Childhood Education1141 Words   |  5 PagesThe Importance of Early Childhood Education It is crucial for a child to receive early education because it is the time for growing, forming, and brain development. Children between the ages of 0 to 6 go through stages of acquiring specific skills like, sensorial, language, math, social, and cognitive. In those stages children have the ability to soak up and retain information, some people say like a sponge. As parents it is our duty to make sure we are stimulating our children’s mind between the

Roman Architecture Greek Architecture - 1345 Words

Roman architecture was a very large part of Roman culture. Architecture in Rome was not solely created by the Romans, but was influenced greatly by other cultures such as the Greeks and the Etruscans.This is demonstrated by the examples of other civilization’s architecture within the Roman Empire.The combination of the cultures led to new types and styles of architecture, helping to create a style of Roman architecture which showed influences of Greece and the Etruscans. Roman architecture has its own elements and techniques while reflecting the influence of other cultures architecture on their own. Roman architecture was largely influenced by other cultures, especially in its early stages, the two main influencers were Greece and the†¦show more content†¦Temples within Rome, however were influenced by both cultures even though they had almost opposite views on how they should be built. Greek temples were built to have more of a look and sense of noble solidity. Etru scan temples, however were the opposite and were kept more wide open and carried more a feeling of unknown with them, which is what the Romans were mainly influenced by. Since both different cultures were located around Rome they could largely influence Rome moderately easily due to exposure to their architecture and culture. When building, Romans used quite a few different materials for certain aspects of architecture. â€Å"Long before concrete made its appearance on the building scene in Rome, the Romans utilized a volcanic stone native to Italy called Tufa to construct their buildings† ( Dr. Jessica Ambler). When the Romans did use concrete, they didn’t see it as very appealing or stunning. So, instead of leaving it bare, they usually covered it with other materials such as brick and tiles. Romans were never a big fan of marble either, they found it too extravagant so instead they used a different material in its place called travertine. Travertine was a substance that looked very similar to marble due to its color. In 2nd century B.C.E. Romans began using it as you would marble for constructing general buildings. After the ruling of Augustus, marble began gaining more popularity and was used as a building material a lotShow MoreRelatedGreek to Roman Architecture544 Words   |  2 Pagesbuilding is Greek and which is Roman, However, show them pictures of the Forum of Trajan, the Pantheon, or the Agora, and they will be flipping coins trying to guess which is Roman architecture and which is Greek architecture. It is one thing being able to identify which building belongs to which civilization, it another being able to distinguish the subtle style changes within each mega structure. Very similar to a textbook and essay, Greek architecture is like a textbook, and the Romans used the textbookRead MoreThe Influence of the Greeks and Romans on Architecture894 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction â€Å"Architecture should speak of its time and place, but yearn for timelessness.† (Gehry, 2012). What Frank Gehry was trying to say in simple terms was our culture cannot do without proper appreciation of its classical roots and it goes without saying that the Romans and Greeks have influenced art and architecture with its classical style in a number of different ways. Allow me to give a definition for the word classical. â€Å"Classical† refers to any art or architecture modelled after ancientRead MoreHistory Of Roman And Greek Architecture1518 Words   |  7 PagesRoman and Greek architecture is something to be revered. It is fascinating that people lacking the advanced technology we have today could create monuments of such magnitude and perfection. Commonly, these temples were built to worship and honor deities, and so they must be built pristine. Although the Romans sometimes cut corners when it came to materials in order to remain economic, they definitely didn ’t cut any when it came to scale and appearance. Many early civilizations recycled styles andRead MoreAncient Greek And Roman Architecture Essay1972 Words   |  8 Pagesmain similarities and differences associated with ancient Greek and Roman architecture. This paper will venture to distinguish the physical and integral differences between ancient Roman and Greek architecture. It will also determine the similarities associated with these two variations of ancient architecture. In addition, this paper will explain why and how these forms of architecture are still relevant in today’s society. Ancient architecture is not just a thing of the past; it’s more prevalent inRead MoreAncient Roman And Greek Architecture1275 Words   |  6 PagesModern Architecture around the globe had been influenced by ancient Roman and Greek architectural. Although both ancient Romans and Greeks are recognized for their innovations in architecture having both constructed a variety of buildings and structures that can still be appreciated today, they appear to have concentrated mostly on the creation of temples which at first sight seem similar but in reality they each diverged and had their own identity and served for different purposes. Ancient Greek andRead More Greek and Roman Architecture Essay example1107 Words   |  5 PagesGreek and Roman Architecture Greek and Roman architecture is truly amazing. They each had great ideas, and fabulous productions. It is said that the Pantheon is to Italy what the Parthenon is to Greece. Both are tremendous monuments that reek of culture and history. Each had a purpose which was displayed by the design and construction of each. There are such great meanings behind each of these architecural structures. The Romans and the Greeks alike worshipped and dedicated their structuresRead MoreComparing Greek and Roman Architecture Essay782 Words   |  4 PagesWhen comparing Greek and Roman architecture and design we see many similarities as well as differences. Greek culture and society came into fruition roughly 1250 years before the rise of the Roman Empire and Roman artisans were strongly inï ¬â€šuenced by their Greek predecessors. However, the Greeks were not without their own inï ¬â€šuences. Egyptian building styles and art were reï ¬ ned by the Greeks as seen in their use of column and lintel construction. It is notable that inï ¬â€šuence from Persia and the AncientRead MoreComparing Ancient Greek and Ancient Roman Architecture Essay1132 Words   |  5 PagesMinoans. The Minoans built the foundation of Greece. The Roman Empire was founded around 753 B.C. by the two twins, Romulus and Remus. Romulus ended up killing Remus and built the city of Rome on one of seven rolling hills. Architecture was very important to both civilizations and they were always trying to out due the other. The architectural style of the Ancient Greeks and Romans was overall constructed and used differently. The ancient Greeks developed a system of orders which were known as columnsRead MoreWhat Did Greek Architecture Influence Roman Temples? Essay2188 Words   |  9 PagesDid Greek Architecture Influence Roman Temples Pengnanxi Wang Registration No: 150152532 Of all arts, Roman architecture were the most remarkable and original. Roman architecture took shape in a world that was already dominated both by the substance and idea of Greek achievement. Yet the relationship between Ancient Greek and Rome was not simply one of master to pupil, other cultures were involved as well such as the Etruscan civilization. Undoubtedly Ancient Greek and Etruscan architecture playedRead MoreArchitechture of Fredericton: Ionic and Corinthian Orders1184 Words   |  5 Pagesgreatly influenced by the neoclassical architectural period that swept Europe and North America during the 18th century (Young 1982, 10). This period was marked by an influx of buildings designed to reflect the architecture of ancient Greece and Rome (Faulkner 2009, Neo-classical architecture). It grew from the burgeoning interest in classical antiquities and antiquarianism, a movement led by Englishmen such as Lord Elgin and William Stukeley, which marked the 1700s (Greene and Moore 20 10, 16, 38)

Introduction to Mental Health

Question: Discuss about the Introduction to Mental Health. Answer: Introduction Health involves being physically, mentally, socially and spiritually healthy and not just the absence of disease. Hence, a nurse who is responsible for providing total patient care should be able to provide both physical and mental care. As physical health is directly proportional to mental health, a nurse has to understand the basic concepts of mental health so as to provide holistic care. According to me, a nurse has to understand what is mental illness, its classification (DSM), integrating mental- health care with primary health- care as well as importance and methods of practicing advocacy in mental health field before caring a mentally ill person. This essay discusses about the application and importance of selected concepts that are most important for a nurse to practice in mental- health field. Mental Illness At first, a nurse has to understand what is mental illness, its causes and features to provide optimal mental- health care. Hence, she has to be able to distinguish between mental-health and mental-illness. A person is said to have mental-illness, if he/she has maladjustment in normal living (Bowins, 2016). A nurse has to evaluate for the presence of any disharmony in an individuals ability to meet his/her needs comfortably and effectively and function in a culture to determine whether a person has mental-illness or not. The diagnosis of mental-illness is crucial for a nurse to provide specialized care. A nurse should be able to determine that a mentally-ill patient may lose his/her ability to respond based on the expectations what he has about himself as well as the demands that community has for him. Generally, an individual is considered to be mentally-ill, if the patients behavior causes distress with suffering to self and others and when a persons behavior causes disturbances in daily activities, work and relationships with others. An efficient nurse has to rule out the causes for mental- illness to provide nursing care accordingly. She has to clearly determine the factors causing mental- illness by analyzing predisposing factors (as genetic inheritance, physical injury to central- nervous system, adverse psycho-social influence) (Schwab, 2013), precipitating factors (as physical or psycho-social stress) and perpetuating factors (as chronic stress, marital disharmony) in a patient to plan for nursing care based on the etiology as targeting care is more powerful than non- targeting care. A nurse has to clearly determine the signs and symptoms of mental- illness based on disturbances in various aspects to clearly diagnose the disorder. The disturbances in motor behavior involve features of motor retardation, stupors, flexibility (waxy), negativism, excitement, agitation, echopraxia and ambi-tendency. The disorders of thought, language with communication involves pressure of speech, clang associations, tangentiality, thought- block, thoughtinsertion, thought- broadcasting, echolalia, incoherence, neologism, poverty of speech, dysarthria, delusions, loosening of association, obsessions and phobia. The perception disorders involve features as illusion, de-realization, etc and disorders of emotion involve blunt affect, euphoria, dysphoric mood, depression, etc. The disturbances of consciousness include reduced consciousness, delirium and coma and disturbances in attention involves distractility and selective inattention (Shives, 2008). A nurse should rule out disturbances in attention (distractibility), problems in orientation , disorders of memory (amnesia), impaired judgment and disturbance in biological functioning (vomiting, loss of appetite, insomnia). Diagnostic- and Statistical- Manual of Mental- disorders(DSM) Secondly, a nurse should clearly understand the DSM classification to work in mental- health field. DSM is the classification of mental-illnesses by theAmerican- Psychiatric Association. It provides a common language as well as standardized criteria for classifying mental illnesses. It is used by all the mental- health physicians, nurses, researchers,psychiatry-drugregulatory agencies,health-insurance companies, pharmaceutical-companies, legal-system and policy framers as it follows multi-axial patterns. A nurse has to use DSM with other alternative classifications (as ICD-10 classification) to classify mental illness and provide nursing care accordingly. The nurse has to follow the latest DSM-V classification that was published in 2013 as there were lots of revisions since from its first publication (APA, 2013). It evaluates a patient in 5 different dimensions rather than just analyzing one broader aspect of mental illness. Its dimensions are related to physical, psychological, societal with other aspects and hence DSM-V classification will guide a nurse to provide mental-health services based on various dimensions. Though, International-classification of diseasesis also used for classifying mental-disorders, DSM is considered as more perfect to provide optimal mental- health care because of its holistic involvement. Though there are various criticisms in DSM classification system as unscientific and subjective system, its reliance on superficialfeatures, lack of validityandreliability, using artificial divisions between categories and cultural bias; it is used as best classification system to rule out the disorders so as to provide accurate nursing care (Kendell, 2003). A nurse has to use this classification to determine and evaluate the mental- illness to provide mental-health care and also help to communicate the person's diagnosis to hospitals, nursing clinics and insurance companies. DSM can also be used to classify patients for research studies. Primary health- care Thirdly, a nurse should be competent enough to provide mental- health care by integrating with primary health- care as they are the basic front- line services provided to a person at his home. A nurse should be able to provide both physical and psychological health as per WHOs recommendations, which involves integrating specialized health- services (such as mental-health services) into PHC (WHO, 2001, Funk, 2008). In providing mental- health services in PHC, the nurses play a great role in diagnosing as well as treating persons with mental illnesses and developing strategic plans to prevent mental illnesses. A person working in mental- health should be able to apply psycho-social with behavioral skills (as interviewing, patient counseling with inter-personal skills) in their daily work to promote health-outcomes in primary health-care (WHO, 2007b). The mental-health nurses working in primary health centers should strive to reduce stigma of receiving integrated care and should improve accessibility to mental-health services as well as treatment of co-morbid physical disorders leading to mental illnesses as HIV/AIDS, cancer, tuberculosis, etc (WHO, 2007a). The mental health nurse should be able to attend physical-health needs of persons having mental illness and the mental-health needs of persons with physical illness to enhance better outcomes. She has to help to prevent development of mental illness so as to provide holistic approach, improve financial and physical accessibility to care, to reduce chronicity and improve societal integration both for persons with mental illnesses and their family (WHO, 2008). Ultimately, a nurse should be able to provide primary (mental) care services in community area to protect human rights. Advocacy Next, advocacy is a fundamental philosophical-foundation for nursing- profession that all the nurses should be capable of practicing in all settings (ICN, 2000). Australian Nursing- Council (2002) has stated that advocacy is one of the core- competencies of an Australian registered nurse (MacDonald, 2006, Kubsch, 2004). World Health- Organization has developed the concept of mental- health advocacy in- order to promote the human- rights of people with mental illnesses and to minimize stigma as well as discrimination which every nurses should practice in mental- health field. It involves different actions that are aimed at modifying majority of the structural with attitudinal barriers to achieve positive mental-health outcomes in humans (Jugessur, 2009). Advocacy is one among the 11 action areas in the mental- health policy due to its benefits on mentally-ill persons and their relatives (WHO, 2001). The nurses has to exercise advocacy that involves various principal elements as advocacy actions involving increasing awareness, providing information, education, training, mutual helping, counseling, mediating, defending as well as denouncing and drawing attention to tackle barriers for mental-health. The nurses have to take effort to manage the issues as lack of mental- health services, unaffordable cost, lack of parity of mental with physical health, poorer quality-of-care in mental- hospitals, lack of housing for mentally-ill persons, stigma, improper implementation of mental-health policies, etc. Hence, mental- health nurses should assume an active role in protecting the rights of mentally-ill patients and improving awareness about improved services by adapting advocacy roles, which are related to the clinical work based on patient a nd family perspectives, participating in the patient and family activities, supporting their development. The aim of advocacy actions should involve modifying stigma with negative attitude about patients and families and to improve the quality of mental health services and of the treatment and care provided (Jugessur, 2009). The two areas of nursing-advocacy involve advocacy for mental-health that aims to promote mental-health in the daily lives of individuals, families, groups and communities and advocacy for mental illnesses aims to promote the knowledge and acceptance of mental illness by general population. Conclusion Thus, nursing is a divine profession that involves providing optimal care to each and every people irrespective of caste, race, color and creed including type of illness (physical or mental). A professional nurse can provide complete care to a person, only when his/her physical with psychological needs are met. A nurse should understand the above discussed four concepts to be an effective Mental-Health Nurse. Reference American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2013). Diagnostic- and Statistical- Manual of Mental- disorders(DSM): American Psychiatric Association. Australian Nursing Council. (2002). National Competency Standard for the Registered and the Enrolled Nurse. ANCI: Australia. Bowins, B.(2016). Mental Illness Defined: Continuums, Regulation, and Defense. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=1315514117 Funk, M. (2008). Integrating mental health into primary healthcare: Mental Health Family Medicine. 5(1): 58. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2777555/ Jugessur, T. (2009). Advocacy in mental health nursing: an integrative review of the literature: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2850.2008.01315.x Kendell, R Jablensky, A. (2003).Distinguishing Between the Validity and Utility of Psychiatric Diagnoses:American Journal of Psychiatry.160(1): 412.doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.4. Kubsch, S.M et al. (2004). A holistic model of advocacy: factors that influence its use: Complementary Therapies in Nursing and Midwifery.10: 3745. MacDonald, H. (2006). Relational ethics and advocacy in nursing: literature review: Journal of Advanced Nursing. 57: 119126. Schwab, J. (2013). 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